Stage Craft Essay free essay sample

Since ancient times, people have been enjoying the delights of theatre and play enacted and carried out on stage. The history on lighting for the theatre is very interesting and innovative. As technology has developed over the years, theatergoers have been witness to extraordinary progress as innovations took over and added unique contributions to stage craft, architecture and theatrical lighting. The history of stage lighting and lighting cues in theatre dates back to Greek and Roman times. Light has always been an important component for theatrical storytelling, and various lighting techniques have evolved over the centuries, Before the 20th century, many experimented with electric lights but it was until the turn of the century where electric lights were used exclusively in most theatres. During the 20th century, stage lighting design became an art in its own right, emerging from the obscurity of props, set designs, and costumes. Great efforts were to bring the subtlety and drama of effective light on the stage. We will write a custom essay sample on Stage Craft Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The American playwright and producer David Belasco and his assistant Louis Hartman had developed many light instruments. Jean Rosenthal, another pioneer of American stage lighting, invented a system for recording a particular lighting sequence so that it could be faithfully repeated. Going into the 1940s and 1950s, stage lighting kept on evolving and improving. Many technical advances included special lenses, reflectors, projectors, and new plastic materials for color filters. In 1948, mechanical dimmer switches were replaced by electronic dimmers capable of being controlled with a remote control. Today, the lighting designer programs and operates a computerized control board that can recreate any instant of a lighting performance. These improvements increase the lighting quality and the creativity that can be used on plays and events. The 20th century had witnessed the two greatest wars in history and social upheaval without parallel. The political movements of the â€Å"proletariat† were  manifested in theatre by movements like realism, naturalism, symbolism, impressionism and ultimately, highly stylized anti-realism. Society battled to determine the ultimate goals and meaning of political philosophy in the live of an ordinary person. Meanwhile, commercial theatre advanced at full force, manifesting itself in the development of popular forms of drama. Some major musicals at the time were Oklahoma! , Porgy and Bess, and Showboat. In 1912 lights were placed in the auditorium to allow for more natural angles of illumination for both the actor and the set. The projector lamp, a spotlight that could be dimmed, was invented in 1914; after 1919 colored â€Å"gels†, or gelatine, were placed over the lights. By 1922 stage lighting had become a scientific study. The great technological advances allowed spectacular shows such as The Phantom of the Opera to compete to another innovation which were movies. The cost of producing big shows such as the ones I mentioned previously, combined with the organizations of actors and technical persons in theatre, have limited what live theatre can do competing with Hollywood films. The 20th century could be the most important time frame for theatre as it improved in many different ways. Stage lighting played a major role in doing so with its affects and better lighting quality for plays, events, and etc. Plays and musicals are still performed to this day; the most notorious plays and musicals are the ones that are showed on Broadway. The type of scenarios that can be enhanced with the advanced technology of stage lighting is endless causing a tone to any type of scene and play. Stage lightning is one of the most important factors in theatre all because its improvements made in the 20th century which were very important to the quality of theatre.

Earning an Online Degree after Retirement Essays

Earning an Online Degree after Retirement Essays Earning an Online Degree after Retirement Essay Earning an Online Degree after Retirement Essay Retirement is a time in which people put aside their career and spend quality time doing things that they enjoy doing rather than things that they have to do. However, there can still be important goals after retirement; goals that work to further the person both mentally and emotionally. For many retirees that are suddenly faced with time that is left to their discretion it may be time to revisit their education by earning an online degree. The computer has opened up a whole new world for us. Gone are the days when college classes meant sitting behind a desk. Today, a whole world of education is open to us – a world in which we can logon to the Internet and be treated to a whole host of degree opportunities. Students who choose to pursue an online degree through a reputable school can receive the same high quality education as they would by attending classes in a traditional setting. The difference, of course, is with an online degree the work can be done at the student’s convenience and there is no commute time. Retirees may especially enjoy an online degree as it allows them to pursue their educational and personal goals while still leaving them time to enjoy their friends, families, and other hobbies of interest to them.

Printable Metric Conversion Quiz

Printable Metric Conversion Quiz Do you feel confident about your ability to make metric to metric unit conversions? Heres a quick little quiz you can take to test your knowledge. You can take the quiz online or print it out. You may wish to review metric conversions before taking this quiz. An online version of this quiz is available if you prefer to be scored as you take the quiz. TIP:To view this exercise without ads, click on print this page. There are ___ in 2000 mm?(a) 200 m(b) 2 m(c) 0.002 m(d) 0.02 mThere are ____ in 0.05 ml?(a) 0.00005 liters(b) 5 liters(c) 50 liters(d) 0.0005 liters30 mg is the same mass as:(a) 300 decigrams(b) 0.3 grams(c) 0.0003 kg(d) 0.03 gThere are ____ in 0.101 mm?(a) 1.01 cm(b) 0.0101 cm(c) 0.00101 cm(d) 10.10 cm20 m/s is the same as:(a) 0.02 km/s(b) 2000 mm/s(c) 200 cm/s(d) 0.002 mm/s30 microliters is the same as:(a) 30000000 liters(b) 30000 deciliters(c) 0.000003 liters(d) 0.03 milliliters20 grams is the same as:(a) 2000 mg(b) 20000 mg(c) 200000 mg(d) 200 mg15 km is:(a) 0.015 m(b) 1.5 m(c) 150 m(d) 15000 m30.4 cm is:(a) 0.304 mm(b) 3.04 mm(c) 304 mm(d) 3040 mmThere are ____ in 12.0 ml?(a) 0.12 l(b) 0.012 1(c) 120 l(d) 12000 l Answers:1 b, 2 a, 3 d, 4 b, 5 a, 6 d, 7 b, 8 d, 9 c, 10 b

Organized Crime in the United States Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Organized Crime in the United States - Assignment Example If push comes to shove, Mafia usually ends up with an option to murder and other related act of crimes just to make it a point to achieve its objectives. Organized crime just like the Mafia continues to exist today because it has substantial hold prior to its foundation and sustainability. Its operations as an organization substantially involve both economic and political concerns. In this reason, it is always an opportunity for Mafia to have tie up with corrupt political machines (Mallory, 2007). Not only that, it also ensures to have strong link with other powerful few in the society. In this way, they could have more freedom to initiate everything prior to the achievement of their objectives. Furthermore, social disorganization in the face of gangs usually evolves into a group something bigger and ends up like organized crime (Mallory, 2007). This means, culture in making violence persists and even could form into something more systematic just with the case of organized crime. The U.S. criminal justice system is dealing with the American Mafia due to the following reasons. First, part in the judicial investigation and emancipation of law, there is a concrete battle on how to define Mafia or even organized crime. The state tries to come up with concrete definition how to define organized crime and substantially includes Mafia in this category (Lyman & Potter, 2007; Mallory, 2007). Another point is the fact that the US justice system is not oblivious about the crimes committed by this group that at some point may lead to terroristic activities. That is why The Patriot Act may substantially deal with this issue (Reichel, 2007). This eventually paves the way to investigate further this group and even subject their actuation to the rule of law in order to ensure that justice system prevails in the state. For this reason, the US criminal justice system views the cases of crimes committed by Mafia in the same

How mobile devices are used in business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

How mobile devices are used in business - Essay Example (The Changing Face of Retail: The Store of the Future: The New Role of the Store in a Multichannel Environment 7). In order to explore this opportunity better applications have to be developed by the retailers to enhance in-store experience and invest in their network connectivity. (8). There are many applications available for smart phones like web browsing, communication, email, telephone and instant messaging, entertainment such as games, movies and music, social networking, banking and location based services. It has been reported that daily 1600 applications (Brussels) are added to mobile services. Thus the consumerization of smart phones has become an irrevocable turning point in corporate environment, which has transformed how business entities do their operations. PART -1 There are multiple approaches to how the smart phone devices are integrated into the corporate infrastructure for tapping best benefits out of them. Many IT industries connect BYO devices via Wi-Fi (Bring Yo ur Own Device) â€Å"which allow employees to work from the device of their choice† which help the employees to have â€Å"full access to specific services† (Smartphones and Tablets in the Enterprise: Managing BYO Device Programs 1). Many innovations on smart phones have occurred in recent years and resulted in â€Å"multi touch input, gesture based interaction, advanced soft keyboards, enhanced connectivity and a great number of dedicated special purpose application†(Bao et al. 1).   On the other side there are limitations  which make difficulties for the users to understand the information’s quickly. Different Options Available for Mobile Devices 1. Leverage Device Capabilities: Making full use of device capabilities is the first objective of any mobile devices application. Especially equipment such as â€Å"sight (camera), hearing (microphone and voice phone connections), touch (touch screen), and sense of location in space (GPS)† (Best Prac tices for Developing Enterprise Smartphone Apps 1). There are additional features like integrating enterprise applications with other capabilities on the phone devices. 2. Create Task Oriented Applications: In present corporate world, applications generated are enterprise oriented which are more powerful and sophisticated. Mainly users prefer particular devices to complete specific tasks. â€Å"For this reason, you should consider breaking down comprehensive back ends into small, helpful task-driven applications† (Best Practices for Developing Enterprise Smartphone Apps 1). One of the applications like GPS mapping in smart phones will help the user, to get directions from time to time or as and when required. Similarly, when a report builder, after attending meeting needs a fresh data of that meeting, he or she can use voice recognition and speech to text technology. In addition, cameras can be used and recorded pictures and videos can be integrated into the system as a part of customer record. 3. Adopt a Context Sensitive Approach: In mobile device it is time consuming for users to browse and reach to the destination. To avoid this, users can be directly take to the task which they want to perform. Besides, an application given can perform many tasks and manage multiple objectives. 4. Minimize End User Typing: In a smart phone application data is entered through a soft keyboard which is

British Invasion Of Black Soul Music Music Essay

British Invasion Of Black Soul Music Music Essay In the early 1960s before the British invasion black soul music, Doo wop, Motown and RB dominated the American audiences. The 1960s saw the civil rights movement. In 1963, a march on Washington saw the passing of the civil rights act of 1964 which outlawed discrimination in public accommodations and employment. This followed with the assassination of Malcolm X and Martin Luther King, spurring riots in 125 US cities in 1968, coinciding with the civil rights act of 1968. The 1960s saw Billboard change the name of its RB chart to Soul, but the term Soul had been used as a label since the mid 50s. It had its beginnings in the 1950s when Ray Charles exploited the gospel sound to create fusions of black religious and RB music with songs such as I got a woman based on the gospel song My Jesus is all the World. Sam Cooke also contributed a great deal to Soul. Cooke produced an almost unbroken sequence of hits from 1957 to 1964, the year of his death his music gave proof that anything was possible. This influenced artists who would later become global black Soul performers such as Aretha Franklin, The Falcons and James Brown. Groups such as The Angels, The Shirelles and The Righteous Brothers helped to popularize the music as mainstream. For much of the 1960s soul could be seen as the umbrella term for black popular music, which dominated American audiences in the early to mid 1960s. However one of the biggest success stories was the Detroit based Motown, which could be seen as pop soul which gave fame to names such as Diana Ross, Gladys Knight and Smokey Robinson. Tamla Motown was created by Berry Gordy Jr and although the stars were all black, you couldnt fully define it as black music as the intent was to make music palatable to white audiences. Gordy was also known to have controlled the performing styles and clothes in a way to prepare them for the wider mainstream audience. Amongst the most successful of his artist was Marvin Gaye, who was the first to take his artistic control over his recordings and repertoire. The East Coast DooWop and girl groups also made a contribution to African-American music during the 1960s. They were singers and groups whose origins were found on the street corners in the form of cappella groups found in many urban centres. With very rare exceptions, these groups did not write their own songs, but relied on their handlers to set up the recording sessions, pick the material, and produce the records. In fact, many of these behind-the-scenes people eventually became stars in their own right in the seventies. The influence of Doo Wop can be seen in soul music through groups such as William Robinsons, The Miracles who started a Doo Wop group whilst at school. White popular music of the UK developed into one of the most leading musics in the world. Through the 1950s there existed a barely understood American style. Rock and Roll. At the beginning of 1960 American pop music continued to set the patterns of the native musical efforts in the UK. The US contribution to the British charts was large and extremely important At this point- the twist was in full swing, Chubby Checker, Elvis Presley and Jerry Lee Lewis dominated the British charts. After rock and roll, Britain returned to its traditional values with the likes of Cliff Richard and Living Doll which brought mums and dads along as well. For a short while in Britain at the end of the 1950s into the early 60s there was a revival of American Skiffle, made popular by Skiffle artist, Lonnie Donegan. Skiffle was the first attempt undertaken to appropriate American popular music. It was a growing interest in rural and urban blues. Many of these interests involved a conservative nostalgia for the authentic of some imagined yesteryear. Skiffle would later influence John Lennon and Paul Mcartney in their first band The Quarrymen and The Beatles. We can also see the influence of African American artists through British RB which developed as a major musical movement in the early 1960s, initially in London, but also in other urban centres in the UK, as predominately young white male musicians attempted to emulate the style and recordings of African American RB artists. We can see this influence through The Rolling Stones. Muddy Waters used song extension to transform 1940s Chicago Blues. This was achieved by reviving repertoire he had learnt and increasing amplification. 15 years later The Stones and subsequently Cream and Canned Heat followed his example in substance as well as spirit by themselves drawing from the same source. Thus The Stones recorded I Just want to make love to you and I cant be Satisfied. Blues songs and influences continued to surface in the Rolling Stones music throughout their long career. Cream made versions of the delta blues and Canned Heat took their inspiration from the delta bluesman Tommy Johnson. This song copying tradition played a big role in the pop music.- All these African American influences such as Skiffle, RB and Soul along with white American Rock and Roll gave way to Beat music or the Merseybeat. Bands who defined this genre were largely the Beatles but also Hermans Hermits and Gerry and the Pacemakers, to name a few. In Walter Everetts The Beatles as Musicians he describes their compositional style as imitations of buddy holly and RB techniques practised by the witty guitarist Chuck Berry, the energetic Little Richard, and the humorous and skilful coasters After the large success of the Merseybeat in the UK, it transformed over to the US led by The Beatles on the 7th of February 1964. This would be then followed by other beat, pop and rock groups. Among the most successful bands in the genre were the Rolling Stones, The Yardbirds, The Kinks, Manfred Mann, The Animals, the Spencer Davis Group and The Who. Many of these bands dominated the UK and US charts from 1964, becoming a second wave of British Invasion acts in the US, and in the UK were central to the Mod subculture. Several of the bands and their members went on to become leading rock music performers of the late 1960s and early 1970s, helping to create sub-genres that included psychedelic, progressive and hard rock and making RB a key component of that music. However the British Invasion ended careers of black artists such as chubby checker and fats domino with only a handful surviving such as the Motown artists. However soul music did remain popular through evolved forms such as Funk which can be associated to James Brown. This later developed into Funk and Soul influenced by Phychedelic Rock. A good example would be the band Sly and the Family Stone and their album Stand! who were successful. However groups such as The Miracles and The Supremes found it hard to keep up with the changing trends and could never recover. Black music charted a musical path different from white rock. Although much black music crossed over to the pop charts, black performers did not share common ground with their white counterparts.-

Effective Teaching and Learning Environments Essay

This assignment will discuss effective teaching and learning environments. According to Brophy (2004) there are twelve principles contributing to effective teaching; a supportive classroom environment, the opportunity to learn, curricular alignment, establishing learning orientations, coherent content, thoughtful discourse, practice and application activities, scaffolding students, strategy teaching, co-operative learning, goal orientated assessment and achievement expectations. All these principles contribute to the active involvement of the student and attaining effective learning environments. For this assignment we will focus on three of the main principles and discuss its effectiveness in my own learning and influences it will have on my own teaching. Supportive learning environment Teachers modelling personal attributes such as approachability, friendliness, emotional maturity and sincerity towards individuals as well as learners create an environment of cohesiveness and support. Educational content can be developed to connect and build on students’ prior knowledge and experiences whilst also encouraging understanding of learning outcomes in a positive collaborative environment. As a tertiary student I find these qualities very encouraging in allowing me to pursue my education without fearing to contribute and asking questions without being chastised or frown upon. An example of a non-supportive environment was observed at a high school where a teacher humiliated a student for failing a math test. The teacher made the student stand in front of the class and then called him ‘stupid’ leaving the student distraught and traumatised. Needless to say this was an extremely negative experience and could have detrimental effects on the student or all the students’ motivation for learning. A supportive environment is one where the students can be interactive with the teacher, other peers and lesson content. A recent excursion to the Attadale foreshore with the aides of workbooks and precise teacher instructions allowed the students to engage and explore the lesson by utilising their senses and the natural environment. This effective teaching method succeeded in building and supporting group collaboration and expanding their knowledge. Opportunity to learn The opportunity to learn greatly depends on the how much time is spent on participating in lessons and learning activities. Being an effective teacher is to be prepared and organised, using allocated class time efficiently for accomplishing activities and achieving instructional goals. Teachers need to articulate clear expectations and a sense of purpose that can be processed easily by the students in regards to general behaviour and engagement especially during lessons. Teachers can give clear and consistent expectations through modelling or direct instructions. Effective teachers instruct strategies and procedures for students to manage their own learning, elaborating content allowing students to respond and form their own interpretations. An example observed in a classroom setting lead to unenthusiastic results. A student needed clarification of an assessment, the teacher had instructed the whole class although as an observer I noticed that not many students understood what was required. The teacher approached the one student and admonishes him with a â€Å"why don’t you know anything!† statement. The students in the class have since stopped asking clarifying questions and continue to struggle in their lessons. The learning opportunities for students in this setting were limited. A more positive approach to teaching is to allow all students at different abilities a chance e.g. a grade 5 class spelling test had the teacher separating students into small literacy groups according to their abilities. Attention was focused on the struggling students whilst the more capable students had clear instructional goals to work towards. Curricular alignment The curriculum components are used as assistance in creating constant instructions and learner outcomes from K-12. The curriculum has been designed to assist students in their attainment of knowledge, understanding, appreciation and life applications in preparation for students to participate in adult roles within society. Teachers need to instil appreciation for learning into students, the why and because of learning and knowing that there are good reasons for learning that leads to life applications where what they have learned can be used when needed in other contexts. When I was in high school (Brunei Darussalam) I was taught using textbooks and to memorize random information available in the texts. Assessments were based on the amount of information memorized. This type of learning was not productive to me or the local society as it did not allow for the development for curiosity beyond textbooks. Students were passive and were not permitted to query anything other than content of lesson. Information was not related to daily matters in life. The difference in the education system here is that teachers motivate and encourage analytical thinking with questions and guidance. I was found lacking in understanding curricular concepts involving thinking ‘beyond’ the textbook although the push to ‘think outside the box’ was something that I relearned and appreciated over time. Finally, although these three main ideas; a supportive classroom climate, opportunity to learn and circular alignment have been highlighted individually, each idea should be applied in conjunction with the other nine principles mentioned by Brophy for attaining effective teaching and learning environments. All twelve principles are meant to be aligned as a measure of assisting students in accomplishing intended curricular outcomes. These main ideas influence my teaching by motivating the creation of an understanding and cohesive classroom by modelling and being supportive to the personal, social and academic well being of all students; by being prepared and ensure that lesson plans are stimulating, challenging and that the diverse learning abilities of the students have been taken into account to further maximise their opportunities to learn; and with curriculum guidance be able to achieve specific outcomes geared towards students being able to function socially and adapt to the adult world.